Slab floor or roof construction



Mafch 21, 1933. H. E. MARKS I 55 I sum FLOOR on ROOF qoNsTRuc'rIor;

Filed May 14, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVEN'TOR wrrusss N I v a y; 3

March 21, 1933. MARKS 1,902,565

SLAB FLOOR OR ROOF CONSTRUCTIO! Filed May 14, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2WITNESS mvsrrron I Patented Mar. 21, 1933 was umrnn sr Es PATENT oFFicaEmma E. mks, or sEwIcxLEzrnuNsY vAm assrcmon 'ro UNITED swarm GYPSUMCOMPANY, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION or rumors SLAB FLOOR ORROQF CONSTRUCTION Application filed ma 14,

The invention relates to slab floors or roofs of the type used infireproof apartments, hotels, office buildings, factories, and the like,

in which slabsrest upon the topsof floor beams or roof purlinshereinafter referred to collectively as beams. I

In floors and roofs of this type considerable difliculty has beenencountered by reason of the relatively small bearings afiorded by thetops of the beams for the ends of the slabs. The tops of the beams areso small that, even when the slabs are of exact size and the beamsaccurately positioned and strai ht from end to end, there is no excessbearing surface for the ends of the slabs. But these conditions do notprevail in practice. Not

infrequently the slabs are of irregularsize, the beams are notaccurately positioned, and

' they are not straight from end to end. Un-

der these practical conditions inadequate bearing support is aflforded.for the ends of many slabs.

The object of this invention is to provide a v floor or roof of thetypedescribed in which provision is'made for adequately'supporting.

all of the slabs regardless of the customary irregularities met inpractice, and also to provide a floor or roof of this type in which theslabs may be connected to each other to form a continuous structure, andin which the slabs may be connected to their supportin beams to tie thelatter together.

%he invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, of which Fig.1 is a top lanview of a portion of a slab floor or roof; Figs. 2 and 3vertical sectional views takenon the lines IIII, and III-III,respectively, Fig. 1; Fig. 4 a plan, and Fig. 5 an end view of amodified form of floor or roof slab; Fig. 6 a plan, and Fig. 7 a sideelevation, of another modified form of floor or roof slab; and Fig. 8 atransverse sectional view of the slab of Figs. 6 and 7, the lane of viewbeing indicated by the line VII ,VIII, Fig. 6.

In the practice of this invention a floor or ceilin is formed ofpre-formed slabs which extend between spaced beams and which are rovidedwith longitudinally extending bars having their ends projecting beyondthe ends of the slabs and resting upon the tops of the 192s. Serial in.277,425.

beams for supporting the slabs and the loads which they carry. The slabsare so constructed or arran ed on the beams that the projecting ends ofthe bars of the slab in one bay are offset with relation to those ofadjacent bays, rendering the full width of the top flangesof the beamsavailable .for supl.

for bridging the gaps between the ends of i the slabs and thus affordforms.

Having reference particularly to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, a pair of beams 1 inthe form of I-beams are shown in the spaced relationship whichordinarily prevails in roofs and floors. Extending between the beamsthere are pre formed slabs 2 of cementitious material, such as concrete,gypsum and the like, the slabs having molded in them at their sidesvertically dis osed bars in the form of channels 3, the en s ofwhichproject beyond the ends of the slabs and rest upon the top flangesof the beams. As shown in Fig. 1, the slabs of one bay are offset withrelation to those of an adjacent bay so that the projecting ends of bars3 have full bearings upon the upper flanges of beamsl. The projectingends of bars 3 are preferably connected to the beams, this beingconveniently done by the bottoms of the'bars to the tops chipped d inshipping or handling. The

As shown in Fig 3, a very simple and sturdy construction is obtainedby'weld- Y that when the slabs are 'mentltious fills on the tops of thefloor beams,

their webs arranged in closely ends of flanges of the channels 3, thuspositioning this reinforcement in the lower part of the slab where ithas been found to afford the greatest amount of reinforcement value.These strips preferably support and position the reinforcing material inthe slab, which material may be in the term of woven or welded wirefabric 6. Below the lower edges of bars 3 the eementitious body materialof each slab preferably projects outwardly so arranged upon the beamstroughs are formed between the slabs the troughs being filled withbodies 7 o the cementitious material.

When the slabs are arranged on the tops of beams 1, there are spacesbetween the adjacent ends of the slabs above the tops of the beams, inwhich spaces fills of cementitious material are placed. To prevent thesefills from flowing downwardly between the ends of the slabs and theadjacent edges of the upper flanges of' the beams, there are providedfiller-retaining members 8 (Fig. 2) which preferablyextend from the'topflanges of the beams, downwardly at their edges and horizontally beneaththe bottoms of the slabs. Thefiller-retaining members may be formed ofthin metal, but are referably formed of cardboard which may e readilymolded or otherwise formed to. the desired shape.

In Figs. 4 and 5 there is shown a modified form of slab in whichslab-supportin chaning the nel bars 10 extend-from the top tot e bottomof the slab thereby facing the sides of the slab throughout its fulldepth or thickness. These bars have inwardly extending flangespreferably extending flush with the upper surface of the slab, and theback faces 0 the webs are smooth sothat adjoining webs of the channelbars can fit closely to ether. The bars are preferably anchored in t eslab by means of strips llhaving their ends bent for attachment to theinner faces of the bars intermediate said flanges. The slab is shown asbeing provided with reinforcing material 12, the ends of which projectbeyond the cebodies of the slab and also to form a suitable means forconnectin the adjacent endsof slabs to each other and t ereby strengthenthe complete floor or roof. With this type of construction, the-channelbars 10 are arranged to have the backsof abuttingrelatiofissothat-little or {no grouting material 7 is needed betweensaid channel bars and the lower, trough-forming flanges on thel slabsthe-strips .5 to the lower are first placed upon ends of the slabsformed may to anchor the 1 are eliminated, thus making a more simpleslab molding operation.

In Figs. 6, 7, and 8 there is illustrated a further modified form orslab in which the slab-supporting bars are in the form of longitndinallyextending flats 15 entirely encased in the cementitious material. esebars may be anchored in the cementitious material by rods 16 extendingtransversely of the slab and through perforations rovided in the bars,lit will be understood t at, if desired, any of the forms of slabs mayhave their bodies oi cementitious material extending above the plane ofthetops of their bars. To prevent such relative deflection as theremaybe between the sides oi? adjacent slabs, their sides ma he providedwit istering pockets l'( or receiving dowel pins or the like.

. In forming a door or root of the type herein provided, thefiller-retaining members 8 the tops of beams l, and thereafter the slabsare arranged on the tops of the filler-retaining members in the generaloffset relationship shown in 1 so that the projecting ends of the slabbars have full bearing upon the tops of the beams. The projecting endsofthe bars ma then be connected to the beams as indicate at 4 in Fig. 1,and if the slabs are provided with reinforcements which extend beyondthe ends of the slabs, as shown at I? in Fig. 4, theprojectingreinforcements may other. Furthermore; in the assembling ofthe slabs upon the beams dowel pins may inserted in the pockets 17(Figs. 6 and 'Z) to prevent relative vertical deflection between theslabs. Thereafter, fills of cementitious material are poured between theadjacent above the beams, and also between the adjacent sides of theslabs when the slabs are of the form illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

material, waterproofing, and the like depen ing upon the requirements ofservice.

rojectingends of the slab bars have full a'rings upon the tops of thebeams and afford supports for the slabs which they carry.

By f th then be surfaced with wearindg The reason 0 e full bearings thusprovided, the slabs are adequately supported regardless and'in thepositions of the beams as prevail in practice. When formed of gypsum, asis preferred, plates, boards 01 sheets of heat insulating orwater-proofing material may be nailed directly to the upper or lower, orboth faces of the slabs.

According to the provisions of the patent statutes, I have explained theprinciple and operation of my invention and have illustrated severalembodiments of it. However,

I desire to have it understood that, within the scope of the appendedclaims, the invenbe connected to each I I be l The floor or roofstructure so,

and the loads of such irregularity in their sizes I .1. A slab floor orroof, comprisin 'a-plurality of spaced beams, preformed s abs extendingbetween said beams and provided with longitudinally extending barshaving their ends projecting be and the ends of the slabs and restingupon t e to s of the beams and supporting the slabs an loads carriedthereb filler-retaining members extending over t e tops of the beams andbridging the gaps between the ends of the slabs, and fills ofcementitious material in the spaces between the ends of the slabs abovethe tops,

of the beams.

2. A preformed building slab com rising a body of cementitious material,sla supporting and side facing bars molded in the sides of the slab andhaving their ends projecting beyond the ends of the slab,'and integralcementitious flanges formed below said bars and extending laterally ofthe slab whereby to form grout spaces when two of said slabs are insideabutting position.

3. A slab floor orroof comprising a plurality of spaced beams, preformedslabs extending between said beams and provided with longitudinallyextendin slab supporting and side facing bars mol ed in the sides of theslabs and having their ends projecting beyond the ends of the slabswhereby to rest upon the tops of the beams to support the slabs andloads carried thereby, integral cementitious flanges formed below saidbars and extending longitudinally of the slabs to form a grout spacebetween adjacent slabs and out retaining means under the ends of the sabs extending over the tops of the beams and bridging the gaps betweenthe ends of the slabs, whereby when grout is poured into the spacesbetween the slabs seepage of the grout out of said spaces will besubstantially avoided. I

4. A preformed building slab comprising a body of cementitious material,channel bars forming supports and side facing for said slab, the flangesof said channel bars extending inwardly of the slab and providing cornerreinforcement therefor, and anchoring stri s welded at their ends to theunder side of 518 lower flanges of the channel bars to connect said barstogether.

v5. A slab floor or roof, comprising a plurality of spaced beams,preformed, elongated, cementltiousmembers extendin between said beamsand provided with a ongitudi nally extending barhaving the ends of saidbar projecting beyond the ends of the cementitious members and restinupon the tops of said beams and supportlng the cementitious members andloads carried thereby, filler-retaining members extending over the topsof said beams and bridging the gaps between the ends of the cementitiousmenibers and slabs, and poured fills of cementitious material inthespaces between the ends of the cementitious members above the tops ofthe beam.

6. .A slab floor or roof comprising a plurality of spaced beams,preformed slabs extending between said beams and provided.

with longitudinally extending slab-supporting and side-facing barsmolded in the sides of the slabs and having their ends projecting beyondthe ends of the slabs whereby to rest upon the tops of the beams tosupport the slabs and loads carried thereby, integral cementitiousflanges formed below said bars and extending longitudinally of the slabsand outwardly from said slab, and grout-retaining means under the endsof the slabs and bridging the gaps between the ends of the slabs, wherebrial is poure 'into' the spaces between the slabs seepage of thecementitious material will be substantially avoided.

7. A preformed building slab comprising a body of cementitious material,slab-supporting and side-facing bars molded in the sides of the slab andhaving their ends projecting beyond the ends of the slab, and integralcementitious flanges formed below said bars and extending outwardly fromthe edgesof the slab.

8.. A preformed building slab comprising abody of cementitious material,slab-supporting and side-facing channel bars molded in the sides of theslab and having their ends projecting beyond the ends of the slab,integral cementitious flanges formed below said bars and extendingoutwardly from the when a cementitious mate.

edges of the slab, and a reinforcing member posite slab comprising twospaced apart, me-

tallic, structural members, each having a base, a set mass of plasticmaterial between said members, the base of each element having setplastic material above and below the same, and integral flanges of theset plastic material extending outwardly from the edges of said slabbelow said base.

10. A reformed building slab comprisin a ho y of cementitious material,channe bars forming supports and side facing for said slab, the flangesof said channel bars extending inwardly of the slab and providing cornerreinforcement therefor, and anchoring strips embedded in said slabadjacent the lower flanges of said channel bars and serving to span thedistance between said ars.

11. In a floor construction, a plurality of preformed cementitiousbuilding slabs arranged in a plane, a pair of structural bars moldedinto opposite edges of each slab at a substantial distance above thebottom faces of the slabs, ihe was of said Bars extenfling beyond theands mi said. slabs', spaced, st ruc= tural beams .xig'aging the ends ofthe bars -,so as $0 support smd slabs, integral, outwarti= 5 1yextending, cementitious flan es formei on appcsita edges; m5 we'll slabbe 0w said bars, Qand a cememiizious bcdy above Sfiuid flanges andconnecting; said slabs. In tesfsimmy Whereoi, I sign my name. w E.MARKS,

